Bowlbian Perspective Journal Of Psychology â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Bowlbian Perspective Journal Of Psychology? Answer: Introducation We experience discrimination based on our gender in our academic, political, economic and social life that is gender inequality. Gender is the social identity, expectations and definitions related to the biological classification of male, female or transgender individual (McLeod, 2014).The gender inequality is established on the conventional notion that there are some behavioral psychological and intellectual differences exist between men and women and these differences make the men superior to the women. We often feel discrimination, especially towards women in professional work places and in our social life. The inequality can be experienced in various forms from the authority behavior and attitude towards us to the wage difference between men and women (Blau, 2016). I will mainly focus on the gender inequality that exists between man and women in our workplaces, homes and society. Theories There have been various studies, discussions, policies implemented in order to bring the gender equality but the inequality still exists all over the world in almost every arenas of life. Inequality theory Modern feminism has given rise to the search for how exactly the inequality originated in developed countries (Jayachandran, 2015). Great thinker Karl Marx has proposed theoretical implication of inequality regarding gender relationships (Brown, 2014). Biological difference The biological difference of sexes is inescapable but the gender difference can be avoided. The developed countries have tried to eliminate the gender inequality by redefining certain laws (Arat, 2015). However some believe that the biological difference will make the inequality exist always. The general financial strength of men will influence the gender inequality as it always has been. The three main factors that determine the male dominance and the inequality are inclination towards violence, physical capacity and reproduction. Sexual division of human labor The inequality can be originated back to the era of hunter gathering. The sexual division of men and women labor has been existed since this period of history (Bird Codding, 2015). In my house also I have seen how mother is working even after coming from work and father had little contribution to daily chores. Socialization The biological identity of the women is based on their power of giving birth and that leads them to the duty of looking after the children and socialization (Hetherington, 2016). Maternal deprivation The women as mothers have the duty to save and protect their children from corruption which has been termed as maternal deprivation (Ralph, 2014). Mother has more responsibility regarding our protection in the outer world. Social construction of gender In the nineteenth century the gender inequality was more focused on the social construction. According to Oakely the various aspects of social construction establishes the gender inequality in our society (Oakley, 2015). Various socio cultural factors influence individual during his or her gender identity development. The expectations from a specific gender in his or her social position are passed through various processes. Manipulation is the process when we engage our children with colors specific to gender identities. The girls are often dressed in pink. We can see how certain specific colors are associated with the girl child, at it reflects in the baby products all over the world. It is not just the dresses the gender specific toys are also there. Guiding boy and girl child towards gender specific toys is known as the canalization process that has its significant contribution in the formation of gender inequality. The parents expect their children to buy certain toys like girls would be buying dolls and boys guns or cars (Andreu, 2016). This can be experienced further when we see the woman with authoritative power in the office, often wears cloths that are generally considered masculine. The tasks are also assigned depending upon the gender labeling where it is considered that certain tasks can be done by men only. Media and Gender Ineqality The media has a significant role in forming the gender inequality. The depiction of genders in TV programs, shows, films, billboards and social media are often form the gender expectation and set our perspectives (Stead et al., 2016). The male oriented perspectives are often reflected in the advertisements or programs that often place the women in limited roles. Patriarchy Patriarchy is a common symptom of the gender inequality in our society that systematically favors men in most areas of life. Women are exploited in home where the unpaid labor of the women is expected by men and other family members and the exploitation of her labor in the professional world (Witz, 2013). Addressing gender inequality A consensus and shared vision on gender equality are developed within the community and organization. Womens needs, rights and benefits are articulated in the development program of the nation. The understanding has to be developed that the benefits of the socio political context are mutual for both men and women. Science in Australian Gender Equity (SAGE) In most organizational projects the gender equality objectives are included in the program. For example the Science in Australian Gender Equity (SAGE) is an effective Australian national program that promotes the diversity and equity in various departments of science and technology (Moyal, 2016). I believe that the findings can help to grab serious attention to the process and make the change program more systematic. The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency is working to reduce the gender inequality and poverty in the world. SIDA gender analysis model is used in program, sector or country level across the world. The activities of the agency are effective to build the perspectives of men, women and children (Ericson, 2015). Gender mainstreaming Gender mainstreaming is a global program that has been established to identify issues related to gender inequality and promote equality. In 1995s Beijing World Conference for Women the United Nations created gender equality adoption platform to promote equality (Connell, 2016). The practice of justice for the social worker can prove to be challenging at times. The equal treatments for all the clients, serving them equal opportunities and maintaining the gender equality can create some ethical challenges (Thompson, 2016). I feel it becomes even harder for the social worker if he goes in a foreign underdeveloped country to do the social work. If the social welfare worker fails to develop a neutral and respectful approach towards the clients with respect and equal service the ethical responsibility fails. The social worker is expected to treat every human being as equal especially when they are dealing with adolescents and children (Akademikarfrbundet, 2015). We can observe different socio- economic structures of our society might lead the social worker to fail to understand and his or her treatment towards the clients might be aligned with ethical misconducts. The western conception of gender equality might not be appropriate for the nonwestern countries. While dealing with women clients the women workers weave their own story regarding nursing or mothers but the male worker might not be able apply such strategies as in certain culture the men workers might not be allowed to interact with the women clients as they do with men. The worker also could experience ethical dilemmas while dealing with the gender inequality in domestic settings. He might feel that certain actions need immediate actions but might be accepted as normal activities of daily life. Reference Akademikarfrbundet, S. S. R. Board of the Swedish Union for Social Sciences Professionals.(2015) Ethics in social work-A code of conduct and ethical behaviour for social workers.Recuperado de: https://akademssr. se/sites/default/files/files/ethics_in_social_work_0. pdf. Andreu, L. (2016). Selling Product or Selling Gender: Toy Advertisements and Child Gender Identity.The Boller Review,1(1). Arat, Z. F. K. (2015). Feminisms, Women's Rights, and the UN: Would Achieving Gender Equality Empower Women?.American Political Science Review,109(4), 674-689. Bird, R. B., Codding, B. F. (2015). The Sexual Division of Labor.Emerging Trends in the Social and Behavioral Sciences: An Interdisciplinary, management, and Linkable Resource. Blau, F. D. (2016). Gender, inequality, and wages.OUP Catalogue. Brown, H. (2014). Marx on Gender and the Family: A Summary.Monthly Review,66(2), 48. Connell, R. W. (2016). Masculinity politics on a world scale.Women in culture: An intersectional anthology for gender and womens studies, 234-38. Ericson, J. (2015). Gender mainstreaming and the promotion of gender equality in Swedish development cooperation: A qualitative content analysis of Sweden's results strategies. Hetherington, E. M. (2016). A Developmental Study of the Effects of Sex of the Dominant Parent on Sex-role Preference, Identification.Readings in Child Socialization: The Commonwealth and International Library: Readings in Sociology, 85. Jayachandran, S. (2015). The roots of gender inequality in developing countries.economics,7(1), 63-88. McLeod, S. (2014).Biological Theories of Gender | Simply Psychology.Simplypsychology.org. Retrieved 15 September 2017, from https://www.simplypsychology.org/gender-biology.html Moyal, A. (2016). Women in Science: A new frontier in Australia.Australasian Science,37(9), 36. Oakley, A. (2015).Sex, gender and society. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. Ralph, J. (2014). A Bowlbian perspective.Journal of Psychology, 47. Stead, V., Elliott, C., Blevins-Knabe, B., Chan, E., Grove, K. S., Hanold, M., Smith, A. E. (2016). Social media, gender inequality and the workplace.Closing the Gender Gap: Advancing Leadership and Organizations,1(6), 4. Thompson, N. (2016).Anti-discriminatory practice: Equality, diversity and social justice. Palgrave Macmillan. Witz, A. (2013).Professions and patriarchy. Routledge.